Mites belong to the Arthropoda Arachnida subclass Acari, a class of tiny animals. The body size is generally about 0.5 mm, some are as small as 0.1 mm, and most species are less than 1 mm. Mites and spiders belong to the same class of arachnids. Adults have 4 pairs of legs, a pair of tentacles, no wings and antennae, and their body structure is different from that of insects. The worm body is divided into jaw body and body, the jaw body is composed of mouthparts and jaw base, and the body is divided into foot body and end body. There are many hairs on the body and feet of Mitekang, and some hairs are very long. There are mouthparts at the front end, and the diet is diverse, such as dandruff.

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world There are more than 50,000 species of mites, second only to insects. Many species are related to medicine. It has been found that mites are closely related to human health, such as gamas, chiggers, scabies, demodex, powder mites, dust mites, and puffer mites, which can bite people to suck blood, damage the skin, and cause rosacea or Demodex , allergies, urinary tract mite disease, lung mite disease, intestinal mite disease and scabies, which seriously endanger human health.

The adult scabies mite is nearly round or oval, with a raised back, milky white or light yellow. The size of female mites is 0.3～0.5

×0.25～0.4mm; the size of male mites is 0.2～0.3×0.15～0.2mm. The jaws are short and located at the front. Chelicerae are pincer-like and have small teeth at the tip, which are suitable for eating the stratum corneum of the host's skin. The limbs are divided into three segments. No eyes and valves. The back of the body has horizontal wavy stripes and rows of scaly skin spines, and there are several pairs of rod-shaped setae and long bristles on the back half of the body. The ventral surface is smooth, with only a few setae and 4 pairs of feet. The feet are short and thick, divided into 5 segments, conical. The distance between the front two pairs of feet and the back two pairs of feet is large, and the base of the feet has a horny inward protrusion. The ends of the first two pairs of feet of male and female mites have long-handled paw pads, called ambulacra, which are sensitive parts; the ends of the last two pairs of feet are different from males and females. The fourth pair of feet has suction pads at the ends. The egg-laying hole of the female mites is located in the center before the last two pairs of feet, and is in the shape of a transverse slit. The external genitalia of male mites are located slightly posteriorly between the fourth pair of feet. The anus of both is located in the middle of the posterior border of the body.

1. Self-diagnosis method

Mites come from contact and cross infection. It is easy to touch, the temperature and humidity are more suitable for its growth and reproduction, and the sebaceous glands are more abundant, such as: nose, forehead, face. When the face is just infected, a few people will feel a slight itching feeling on the nose and face when they sweat, and when they sleep at night, and blackheads will appear after a period of time (the secretions excreted by mites, which block the pores and dry and harden), As the pores begin to thicken gradually, the skin begins to change from neutral to combination, and then to oily. At this time, if there is no timely and effective treatment, it will cause skin inflammation, which is what we call acne, Acne, Rosacea.

2. Microscope detection method

It is to take a little oil secretion from the nose or oily parts and observe it under a microscope, because microscope observation is intuitive and scientific , but it also has certain limitations. It may not be possible to see mites in a single test, and the test must be repeated several times.

Mites are parasites, not bacteria. Therefore, when the operator is required to use a microscope, 10 times the objective lens and 10 times the eyepiece are sufficient, and no high magnification is required. Drops can be used with ordinary vegetable oil or peanut oil.

1. The parasitic parts of scabies mites are often parasitic on the soft and thin skin.

2. Activity and tunnel digging The scabies mites live deep in the stratum corneum of the host epidermis, feed on keratinous tissue and lymph, and dig with chelicerae and front tarsus, gradually forming a line parallel to the skin. winding tunnel. The longest tunnel can reach 10-15mm. The tunnel dug by the female mites is the longest, with small longitudinal channels leading to the epidermis at intervals. Male mites and post nymphs can also dig separately, but they are very short. Front nymphs and larvae cannot dig tunnels and live only in the tunnels dug by female mites. Female mites can dig 0.5 to 5 mm per day, and generally do not penetrate deep into the stratum corneum.

The female mites after mating and fertilization are the most active and can crawl 2.5cm per minute, which is also the period when they are most susceptible to infecting new hosts.

3. Effects of temperature and humidity The activity, lifespan and infection ability of female adults after leaving the host are related to the temperature and relative humidity of the environment. Low temperature and high humidity have a longer lifespan, while high temperature and low humidity are detrimental to their survival. The optimum diffusion temperature of female mites is 15-31 ℃, and the effective diffusion time is 1-6.95 days. Within this time limit, the activity is normal and the infection ability is available.