Dog'sBreedsIntroduction

There are also small Chinese pastoral dogs in different regions. Morphological differences, but they all share major features. Some friends think that pastoral dogs are very different from place to place, and their free breeding is genetically unstable. When you recognize a so-called "local dog" at will, you can already identify the pastoral dog by its commonality, but most people do not specifically extract the common characteristics of these pastoral dogs. Just like Tibetan Mastiff has great individual differences, some people say that Tibetan Mastiff Genetic instability, but when you see a Tibetan Mastiff, you can easily distinguish it as a Tibetan Mastiff, indicating that its commonality is greater than individual differences, and the same is true for Chinese pastoral dogs.

The species distribution of the native dog

The Chinese pastoral dog is mainly distributed in the south of the Great Wall,

the distribution range of the Chinese pastoral dog

East of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the low-altitude Han agglomeration centered on the Central Plains is the product of the Chinese Han people's farming society for thousands of years. Such a distribution definition is very important, and it is clear that the living environment of the Chinese pastoral dog is a low-altitude farming social area with a warm environment.

Of course, with the continuous migration of the Han nationality for thousands of years, the distribution range of Chinese pastoral dogs is also expanding. For example, in Northeast China, due to the immigrants of the Han nationality, there are many rural dogs in the countryside that are different from the pastoral areas of the Northeast, and some of them are crossed with other dog breeds to form new breeds. But one thing is certain that the Chinese pastoral dog is the product of the farming society in the Central Plains of China.

Subspecies distribution

Chinese pastoral dogs are widely distributed in the rural areas of the Han nationality in China, and many different strains and subspecies have been formed due to geographical, environmental and blood relationship factors. From the analysis of the dog's appearance characteristics and distribution area, the Chinese pastoral dog can be roughly divided into three strains, namely the northern strain, the Jiangsu and Zhejiang strains, and the Guangdong and Guangxi strains.

Note: The three major strains are the results of macroscopic analysis, and there must be some unique subspecies appearing in many small places. There is still a large part of the border crossing area between these three strains distribution areas, and the dogs here also appear as transitional breeds. The distribution area of the three strains is a triangle, with a large blank area in the middle, mainly Hubei and Hunan. Whether the pastoral dogs in this area are independent strains or transitional breeds needs further research and demonstration.

Northern breed

Northern fold-eared dog

Distributed from the northeast—the Yellow River Basin—the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River—the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (excluding ethnic minority areas), from the northeast It is distributed in a sloping line to the southwest. Although there are huge environmental differences in this vast area, especially the different climates between the north and the south, the dogs are different in size and hair quality, but the dog breeds in this area are very similar in appearance. For example, the stupid dog commonly known in the Northeast is almost identical in appearance to the native dog in Sichuan, except that the Northeast is larger and has thicker fur and is more resistant to cold; the Sichuan native dog is smaller and has thick and sparse fur in order to adapt to the humid climate in the south. . Interestingly, the distribution area of this strain coincides with the distribution of the northern Han family in China.

It is characterized by: more mixed hair, fewer dogs with single-color solid-colored hair, and the ears are mainly slumped in the front (the so-called "front slumped ears" refers to the fact that the ears are placed high on the top of the head, so that the When it is in a relaxed state, the ears naturally hang down to the front of the head), and it often has a long curly tail, which retains the characteristics of more northern dog breeds.

The northern fold has half-folded ears and a dignified face, making it a good watchdog.

Jiangsu and   Zhejiang strains:

Su dog

Mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, the dog breeds in this area are characterized by long and erect ears , The ears are high, the inner ear hair is full, the tip of the mouth is slender and the limbs are slender, the abdominal hair is mostly white, and there are few miscellaneous hair dogs. The hair is long and close to the body.

The dogs in this area are very similar to those in Japan and Korea, and may be closely related to the frequent foreign exchanges in the East China Sea in ancient China. Not only the spread of Chinese culture to the outside world, but also all kinds of Chinese products, including livestock and dogs, are also brought to these places.

Strains from Guangdong and Guangxi

The distribution area is centered on Guangdong, including parts of Guangxi and Fujian. The dog breeds in this area are also the most well-known to everyone. Many excellent dog breeds originated here, such as: Shar Pei, Chaoshan Datou,

Guangxi

GuangdongChow Chow, which has a lot to do with the unique dog culture in Guangdong and Guangxi. And these excellent dog breeds also have a deep relationship with the local pastoral dogs, and more or less have similar blood sources and appearance characteristics.

The origin of the development of the native dog

"Zhou Li" Qiuguan Shu records: There are three kinds of dogs, one is a field dog, the other is a barking dog, and the third is a barking dog. Eater dog. It can be seen that in ancient China, dogs were classified by function, and they did not pay attention to the appearance of dogs. Due to their different abilities, the best dogs that can hunt become field dogs, and those who can't hunt but are fierce can become barking dogs that guard the house. If they are useless, they can only be eaten by humans. This manual screening method makes the dog breeds common in China do not have a fixed bloodline.

The traditional Chinese culture with the Han nationality as the main body ignores dogs and the dog culture in modern society turns a blind eye to the dog breeds, so that the dog breeds that have been running on the land of our country for more than 5,000 years have a decent name None, folks call it a soil dog. And "local dog" literally means "local dog" and cannot be the name of a dog, so the name and concept of today's "Chinese pastoral dog" appeared.

Except for these breeds, we only look at pastoral dogs, which are characterized by: the coat color is mainly solid monochrome, and there are few mixed-hair dogs; due to the hot climate, dogs are mainly short-haired, but some Dogs with particularly long and bushy hair exist; ears are small and erect, tongues often have black or flower tongues, and the body is thick and muscular. Due to the existence of the above-mentioned physical characteristics and the large number of Guangdong Chow Chow distribution in this area, it is suspected that the dogs in the Guangdong and Guangxi regions were greatly influenced by the Chow Chow blood. Guangxi dog, Guangxi native dog, group hound, erect ears, flower tongue or black tongue. Often used to hunt wild boar.

Physiological indicators of native dogs

Tactile sense: pinch the leather web between the middle toes of the puppy's forefoot with the thumb and forefinger, and count from one to ten in the mouth At the same time, the fingers gradually increase the strength; if the puppy has struggled violently at the beginning, it will be oversensitive to head ring, restraint and training in the future; and the dog that struggles at the highest strength requires a strong trainer.

Hearing: Make a loud noise first and then hide it in a corner - usually a metal cover or the like. After the sound, the puppy will be panicked. If it does not respond, take it to the veterinarian immediately to check whether it is a deaf dog. If the puppy can quickly recover and can investigate the source of the sound, it is An excellent dog with a good head grid sensitivity. A dog who has lingering fears and is far away from the source of the sound may not be suitable for a noisy family.

Visual: Choose some strips of cloth to wave in front of the puppy, the confident puppy will quietly study what it is; the brave one will try to bite it; the cowardly one has long since gone into hiding.

The   character is relatively docile, it is not easy to actively attack humans, it can live in groups, it has strong regionality, and it is easy to raise. High loyalty, not easy to suffer from skin diseases. It was widely used in rural care homes and early hunting.

Chinese Pastoral Dog is our Chinese native dog. As the name suggests, native dog refers to a local specialty dog It is suitable for the local climate characteristics and is easier to survive independently than other types of dogs. Chinese pastoral dogs are common throughout Southeast Asia. Chinese pastoral dogs in China are rarely pure.

When distinguishing Chinese pastoral dogs from other dog breeds, it should be carried out in combination with the living environment of the local ethnic group and the local culture distinguish. For example, some friends have mentioned that the Liangshan dog should be regarded as a Chinese pastoral dog, but the Liangshan dog is a high-altitude and cold minority area Breed, although the body size is similar to the pastoral dog, it is a breed that is more acceptable to Tibetan dogs in terms of wildness, coat quality and head shape. In particular, the long-haired Liangshan dog looks like a Tibetan dog. Its forehead is wide and the ears are low and large and all collapsed. In our eyes, the "tuo dog" (Chinese pastoral dog) has a flat forehead and narrow ears. The height, small ears and erect or semi-erect (semi-drooping) are difficult to see, so Liangshan should not be regarded as one of the Chinese pastoral dogs.

Chuandong Hound and Lower Division Dog are two well-known dog breeds in China. Compared with most pastoral dogs, their appearance is very different, and they should all belong to ethnic minority dog breeds. It is possible that the East Sichuan Hound belonged to the ancient Ba people, and the lower dog belonged to the Miao nationality, so neither should be classified as a Chinese pastoral dog. Some people say that the Hubei Arrowhead Dog is very similar to the Taiwanese dog, but if you look closely, it will be closer to the Sichuan East Hound. Many physical features are very similar to the Sichuan East Hound, especially it has the same bamboo shoots and tail as the Sichuan East Hound. It is not seen in other dog breeds. There is also the Hunan bearded dog, which should be in the same line as the lower division dog, so Hubei arrow hair and bearded dogs are not among the Chinese pastoral dogs.

Head: The head features more closely resemble the appearance of its ancestor wolf, with a pointed, short muzzle and a flat forehead.

Ears: The ears are set high, small and erect or semi-erect. The semi-erect ears are half-drooping towards the front of the head. (Unlike some other breeds, the ears are large and slumped to both sides of the head)

Tail: The tail is raised upwards, especially when walking. Mainly money tail and sickle tail. (Notably different from the straighter, drooping tail of most Western dog breeds)

Hind legs: When standing still, the hind legs are visibly straight and perpendicular to the ground, and the ankle joints Bending is not obvious. (Especially compared with the curved ankle joints of the hind legs of most Western dog breeds)

Hair: The hair is mainly medium, coarse and easy to keep clean. Colors are yellow, white, black, and variegated.

BODY: The body is well-proportioned and compact; of medium size, with a length to shoulder height ratio of approximately 1:1, with hind legs straight and almost perpendicular to the ground making the whole body square.