Wrong injection time

Puppies mainly rely on maternal antibodies obtained from breast milk to resist the invasion of viruses, and dogs May have been infected with the virus before the first immunization, and if the maternal antibody level is too high, the vaccine effect will be neutralized, making the immunization unsuccessful, so the first immunization time is very important.

Insufficient Antibodies

Immunizations allow the body to produce antibodies to fight off a virus. Only when the serum antibody titer is greater than 10 international units per milliliter can prevent infectious diseases. Therefore, when the antibody is not produced or the titer is relatively low before all injections are completed, there is still the possibility of infection.

The virus or bacterial strain has mutated

Immunization can also fail if the virus or bacterial strain has mutated, for example, canine parvovirus has occurred several times Gene drift, the vaccine made with the original strain will not have a protective effect.

Vaccine quality issues

The virus vaccines commonly used in China are mainly divided into attenuated vaccines and inactivated vaccines. Attenuated vaccines are vaccinated If successful, it can produce a strong and lasting immune effect, but due to problems such as impure strains, it is prone to stability problems; inactivated vaccines are relatively safe, but the effect is weak, and it may take multiple injections to generate sufficient antibodies.

Vaccine transportation and storage problems

The vaccine cannot be kept at low temperature during transportation and storage; after the vaccine is taken out, it is exposed to direct sunlight or direct sunlight before immunization. If the removal time is too long, the activity of the vaccine will be reduced, and various problems can cause immunization failure.

Improper use of the vaccine

The vaccine is not released in a special diluent according to the instructions for use, or the diluted solution is not used up within the specified time, resulting in the failure of the vaccine. The stability is greatly reduced;

In the process of vaccine dilution or inoculation, too much disinfectant remains on the syringe, or the disinfectant directly contacts the vaccine, causing the vaccine to become ineffective or ineffective;

Poor immune status

Young pets experience stress from transportation, bathing, environmental changes, etc., resulting in Decreased immunity, malnutrition, not going through internal and external deworming procedures, having been infected with the virus or in the incubation period, encountering unscrupulous merchants to inject serum in advance, etc., can all cause immunization failure.