There is always a small amount of dandruff on the skin of normal dogs, but excessive dandruff accompanied by itching and hair loss can be suspected of hyperdandruff.

(1) Squamous epidermis

The main pathological changes were dryness of the epidermis and a large amount of dander, which was fish scaly, and was prone to secondary infection.

The key to diagnosis is to exclude other causes of excessive dandruff, such as: demodex, chiggers, etc.

This disease is difficult to cure completely, and the following methods can be tried:

1. Bathing the dog with mineral oil-containing shampoo can reduce dandruff. Very dry skin, a water-soluble bath oil should be used when rinsing.

2. For the dry skin of the abdomen, lanolin and urea derivative ointment can be applied locally.

3. Take unsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins appropriately.

(2) Hyperkeratosis of the skin

The hyperkeratosis of the epidermis in dogs can thicken and harden the skin, which is more common in the skeletal protrusions and feet of dogs. The etiology of infection due to keratinized layer tear or lameness due to foot pad is not clear, but canine papillomavirus has been reported abroad to cause hyperkeratosis or digital warts in dogs.

Treatment can be achieved with oral or topical corticosteroids to reduce keratinization. In order to soften the tissue, animal or vegetable oil can be applied. Antibacterial drugs should be used in conjunction with the laceration. The lame dog needs to be trimmed. If the keratinization is excessive due to ground friction, the resting place should be improved.

(3) Seborrheic dermatitis

It refers to the excessive secretion of sebaceous glands in dogs, also known as seborrhea. Spring dogs have a special rat odor. Seborrhea in dogs mostly occurs on the back, legs, perineum, neck and inner ear. The affected area often has pale yellow waxy aggregates, accompanied by inflammatory changes such as hair loss and mild itching. Endocrine disorders of Demodex are often accompanied by Seborrhea.

The etiology of seborrhea is generally believed to be related to genetic factors, endocrine disorders, nutritional deficiencies and skin infections.

Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical experience and laboratory tests to gradually exclude other specific causes. When making a diagnosis and treatment, the identified causes should be treated first, and then symptomatic treatment. Generally, the dog can be washed with sulfur soap. If there is tissue exudation or infection in the affected area, systemic or local antibacterial treatment is required. Severe seborrhea can be treated with antibiotics and corticosteroids. In chronically ill dogs, thyroxine can be tried.

(4) Chigger disease

Chiggers live on the surface of dogs and feed on tissue fluids. People often see dander that can exercise. The entire life cycle of chiggers can be completed on the dog body, and the time is about 5 weeks. Compared with adult dogs and domestic dogs, chigger puppies are more susceptible to loose dogs. The role of the disease is scaling, itching, and thereby causing self-mutilation in dogs.

The diagnosis is mainly based on the inspection of the mites. The mites are about 0.4mm. The worms can be seen moving on the skin with a magnifying glass. Put a piece of scotch tape on the dog's skin. After a period of time, put the tape on the microscope. Observation, you can see the sticky worms, there are a pair of big hooks on the mouthparts of the mites, and there are eggs in the skin groove. Chiggers, like scabies, can also cause red papules on the skin of humans.

All kinds of insecticides are effective, but should be maintained for 4 to 6 weeks. Disinfection should include dog body and environment, eliminate animal infection sources (such as cats), and pay attention to human self-protection.