Fish Why are the body colors so colorful? petnet tells everyone that it is due to the fact that fish have a variety of pigment cells, and the pigment cells of fish are mainly distributed in the dermis. There are three basic pigment cells in fish:

Melanophor

Erythrophor

Yellow ( Xanthophor

The melanocytes are star-shaped and have many protrusions. The cells themselves also contain brown-black or gray-black pigment granules. The movement, concentration and diffusion of these pigment granules are related to the diffusion.

The structure of yellow pigment cells is similar to that of melanocytes, but with two nuclei, small pigment particles, and orange-yellow under light transmission Or dark orange.

Red cells are rare in general fish, but more common in tropical fish, and their distribution is also localized with a cellular structure similar to melanocytes, red cells The pigment granules in the pigment can be concentrated and diffused in an instant.

In addition, there is also a kind of luminous cell (1ridocyt or reflector, a red color with strong reflective effect) Crystals.

The color of fish is formed by the cooperation of basic pigment cells, but it also needs the cooperation of reflectors. The bright and changeable body color of domestic goldfish, only However, it is caused by the recombination of the above types of cells, the change in distribution, intensity and density, or the disappearance of one or both of these components. For example, red goldfish lacks melanocytes, black goldfish has very dense melanocytes, and red goldfish has melanocytes and yellow pigment. All cells disappeared, purple goldfish had dense yellow pigment cells and sparse melanocytes, and blue goldfish lacked yellow pigment cells.

The types and contents of pigment cells and reflectors in fish vary. The amount is not only different for each type of fish, but also in different parts of the same fish body. The pigment cells are mostly concentrated in the upper part of the fish body, while the luminous cells are mostly concentrated in the lower part of the fish body. There are more or less pigment cells in the fish body. , and the distribution area, the coordination of pigments and the reflective ability of the reflective body, etc., determine the color and markings of the entire fish body, for example: common crucian carp, the back is gray-black, the sides are black on the top and white on the bottom, and the abdomen is Silvery white, this phenomenon can be explained by the fact that the pigment cells are concentrated in the upper half of the back and both sides, and the lower the lower, the less, until the abdomen is gray, pure white, and caused by very little pigment.

The coloration of fish is not fixed and can vary, sometimes instantaneously, depending on the environment, age, sex, health, and emotional arousal.

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