Keeping fish

Choose goldfish: choose a fish with a strong body and bright colors

Choose any species of goldfish, which must be broad and strong, with complete chest, abdomen and tail fins, and a tail. Big fork. For fish without dorsal fins, the dorsal spine should be smooth, without mutilated dorsal fins or nodules. The color of the fish should be red for delicate red, white for pure white, blue for azure blue, black for jet black, and flowers for harmonious colors and meticulous patterns. Only blue ones can be called five flowers. Some fish are half red and half black, or those with red body and black edges of fins. They are very beautiful at the moment, but in fact they will turn into full red soon, so you have to foresee.       In the selection of fish, those who are unique in terms of characteristics, body shape or color should be selected and observed and cultivated.

Choose healthy and disease-free fish

Generally speaking, they are active in swimming, gregarious, plump in the pool (basin), their chest and pelvic fins are open and often paddling, and they have no whites on their bodies. Spotted, without white fluffy mucus, tail and scales without bloodshot, festering, not often floating on the water surface, not lying on the side, standing upside down, sinking to the bottom, black and thick feces are healthy fish, there are fish foraging, All of the above can be purchased boldly.

Select fish with obvious characteristics

All kinds of fish have the characteristics of this species: such as longevity head, lion head, crane top red, goose head red and other varieties , they are all famous for having sarcoma on the head, so we have to choose the one with the most developed and wide sarcoma on the operculum of the head. In addition, the fish with red sarcoma such as Hedinghong and Gooseheadhong are the top-quality fish with a red top and a square head (the top of the head is darker when juveniles are young). When choosing a pearl scale fish, you should pay attention to two types of large tails and small tails, and the big tail is better. But no matter the big tail or the small tail, the head must be small, the bead scales are thick and intact, and they are arranged neatly until the back ridge, but the scales should not be erected, otherwise most of them are scaly diseases. The abdomen is thick and round, and the tail is smooth. This characteristic is a pure breed. Blisters or dragon's eyes are named after the characteristics of the eyes, so choose the ones with round, large and well-proportioned blisters, soft and transparent in quality. When choosing dragon eyes, you should choose those with large and protruding eyes like chess pieces.       Fish raising water first, has become an indisputable experience. How to raise a good tank of clear, non-toxic water in the family is very important. Fish farming at home is different from farming fish on farms. The water space is small, and the water quality is required to be clear and transparent, which is convenient for viewing goldfish. The purpose of raising fish in fish farms is to make goldfish grow rapidly. There are professional fish working hours to monitor the water quality. The water body is large and suitable for goldfish to grow up. Household goldfish has its own advantages. For example, water temperature, since family fish farming is generally indoors, it is not affected by wind and rain. In addition, fish farming at home is convenient for water quality observation and drug control due to the small amount of water. Domestic goldfish raising water is mainly related to the following five factors.      1 Filtration system: Due to the generally high density of domestic fish farming, it is difficult to remove impurities and wastes in the water simply by decomposing the water itself. Establishing a good filtration system can effectively maintain water quality. A good filtration system can integrate chemical, biological, physical and other filtration methods. Chemical filtration relies on special medicines to agglomerate tiny suspended impurities in water to precipitate or physically filter them out. Biological filtration is the decomposition of waste in water by beneficial biological flora in the water, and decomposes harmful substances into harmless ones. Physical filtration is the adsorption and removal of impurity particles through the tiny pores of the filter material. According to the characteristics of goldfish and the conditions of domestic fish farming, the following methods can be used to establish a filtration system. According to the size of the aquarium, configure an external filter, which can be an overhead or a filter bucket. The flow of water can be found in the description of the pump. Generally speaking, it is appropriate to circulate the water body about 7 times per hour. For example, the volume of an aquarium with a length of 80, a width of 40, and a height of 40 is 128 liters, and the flow rate of the filter pump is preferably 900 liters/hour. For larger aquariums, in order to prevent the water flow from being too strong, it is recommended to install a built-in filter at the water inlet and add an elbow at the water outlet to reduce the impact of the water flow on the goldfish. Place biochemical sponge and activated carbon in the filter box (bucket), and replace them according to the degree of water pollution. However, it is too frequently replaced, which is not suitable for the establishment of beneficial biological flora. Generally, it can be replaced once a month.       2 Biodegradation: In the natural environment, a large number of beneficial bacteria are grown in the place where the river flows, and they can decompose the metabolites produced by the aquatic organisms and the decomposition of foreign pollutants. To keep the water clean and harmless. The establishment of beneficial bacteria in the aquarium can maintain the water quality for a long time without frequent water changes. Adding nitrifying bacteria to an aquarium is a quick way to build a biodegradation system. There are two main types of nitrifying bacteria on the market, active nitrifying bacteria and artificial nitrifying bacteria. Active nitrifying bacteria use living flora as the main substance. Artificial nitrifying bacteria are substances that promote the growth of existing nitrifying bacteria in water. Active nitrifying bacteria have a short onset time, usually within 2-5 days according to the water temperature, and the effect is most obvious when the water temperature is 25-30 degrees. But the shelf life is short, usually no more than 12 months. Since artificial nitrifying bacteria do not contain active strains, they can be stored for a long time, usually about 2 years. But the onset time is longer. It can be used in combination with water clarifiers before the establishment of biological systems.      3Fish density: No matter how large the aquarium is, the number of goldfish it can breed is limited. Goldfish are lively and active, and can eat and pull. A reasonable stocking density is important for beginners. Usually each 1-year-old goldfish takes up 10 liters of water. That is, the volume of an aquarium with a length of 80, a width of 40, and a height of 40 is 128 liters, and it can raise 12 fish of 1 year old. No matter how high the density is, it is difficult to maintain water quality for a long time. In addition, different goldfish species have different requirements for breeding density, and the breeding density of precious species such as pearls, butterfly tails, and blisters is smaller.      4Feed selection: The feed fed to goldfish also has a lot to do with maintaining water quality. Goldfish are omnivores. Food range is wide. Mainly include: Daphnia, nematodes, blood red worms, pellet feed, powder feed, flake feed and so on. Live water fleas are the best option. Not only in feeding, Daphnia can suck organic suspended matter in water. And the metabolites produced by goldfish are not easily dispersed. Nematodes, blood red worms, powdered feeds may be deposited in the sand bed or suspended in water, which is not conducive to the cleaning of water quality. High-quality synthetic feed will contain yeast, which can quickly decompose the metabolites of goldfish, which is beneficial to maintain water quality. Inferior synthetic feeds are not only nutritious, but also contain artificial colors that can discolor water. In addition, it is best not to use edible fish feed, such as crucian carp feed to feed goldfish, which will also spoil the water quality. In the feeding process, the filter system should be closed to avoid being sucked into the filter box, which will not only cause waste, but also mold and produce toxic substances in the filter box.      5Fish environment: Lighting, scenery, etc. are also related to maintaining the water quality in the aquarium. Excessive light can cause a large number of algae in the water. Appropriate shading with curtains and regular cleaning will effectively manage it. Proper placement of a sand bed at the bottom of the aquarium will also facilitate water cleaning. It can not only adsorb impurities, but also provide a breeding ground for nitrifying bacteria. Generally, the thickness is about 4 cm and the particle size is about 4 mm. The sand bed is too thin to achieve adsorption; if the sand bed is too thick, the bottom sand bed will lack oxygen and cause organisms. corruption. If the particles are too large, the feed will sink into the gap, which is not conducive to goldfish feeding; if the particles are too small, it is not conducive to the water flow and oxygen transmission between the particles, and is not conducive to the growth of nitrifying bacteria.      Pay attention to the above points, you will have a tank of clear water, creating an ideal living space for your beloved fish.

    Water maintenance tips:

Quickly establish good water quality: add water quality stabilizer to the tap water, leave it to wait until the water temperature is the same as the old water into the aquarium. Put active nitrifying bacteria, and put water clarifier to filter after 1-2 days. After that, artificial nitrifying bacteria can be added weekly.       Goldfish has the reputation of flower in water, and it is the dream of most aquarists to own a tank of goldfish that is pleasing to the eye. China is the hometown of goldfish, and goldfish can be seen in ornamental fish markets in large and medium-sized cities. The ancestor of goldfish is crucian carp, which has gradually changed after thousands of years of artificial breeding. At present, the main classifications include: dragon species, represented by dragon eyes and butterfly tails. Cultural fish, represented by lion head, pearl and hat. Egg fish, represented by blisters, tiger heads, and Wangtian. In the past 20 years, with the joint efforts of the majority of farmers and enthusiasts, some new varieties of goldfish have emerged in China, such as: Fuzhou Lanshou, red-headed tiger-headed, crown pearl, etc. As goldfish lovers, you can choose from the following five Aspects of goldfish selection.       1Choose the timing. Different from tropical fish, goldfish are generally cultivated outdoors in fish farms. After thousands of years of breeding, they have established their own biological clocks. Depending on the region, they spawn from February to June every spring. Generally, September-November is the best time for goldfish to go on the market that year. The goldfish in this period are 3-6 months old, and some species characteristics can already emerge, and the fading has been completed, with preliminary ornamental characteristics. From July to August, you can see the 2-4-year-old seedlings eliminated by the fish farm, and the goldfish of the next year, and there are also many fine products in the market. However, due to the high temperature, it is not conducive to the long-distance transportation of goldfish, so the supply is small.       2Select a variety. According to different personal preferences, you can arbitrarily choose from dozens of existing varieties. But it is best to understand the differences between each species before choosing, which is beneficial to raising goldfish. For example, because of the large variation, short intestines, and clumsy swimming, ball pearls have stricter environmental requirements and need to be raised in clear and shallow water. The feed requirements are sophisticated and easy to import. Blister goldfish are not suitable for mixing with other goldfish. They should be raised in a bare tank without any accessories to avoid damage to the blisters. For friends who are beginners to raise goldfish, they can start with easy and cheap goldfish raising. Such as: Wenjin (Liu Jin), dragon eye and so on.       3Choose good quality. Although Chinese goldfish have been bred for thousands of years, it is still too short for one species. Therefore, many goldfish species are not very stable, and the yield rate of individual new species is a few ten thousandths. A goldfish can be raised at home for several months or even years. Choosing a good quality goldfish can get more beautiful enjoyment. The general principle is to choose goldfish with obvious species characteristics, free swimming, well-proportioned body, and no disability.

   The following table shows the species characteristics that each species of goldfish should have:

Characteristics and disadvantages of classified species

     Dragon species dragon eyes are chessboard, symmetrical, and their body color is gorgeous. The four-leaf-tailed elegant variety is not expensive. The butterfly has a plump tail, a short body, and a wide tail, like a peacock with an open screen, and its tail is easy to droop.