【Professional class】The application of enema therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical dise-Information-Professional platform for pets, dogs and cats

With the improvement of people's living standards, more and more people start to keep dogs in order to enrich their cultural life. However, due to people's lack of professional and scientific breeding knowledge, outdated concepts and bad living habits, there will be factors such as poor dog care or dog breed, feeding management and other factors. Immediately, some diseases are caused, especially in the spring and autumn, some dog owners are not conscious so they do not get vaccinated regularly, resulting in many dogs suffering from canine parvovirus, canine distemper and other more troublesome infectious diseases. Although conventional drug treatment is effective, the effect is not very satisfactory. If enema therapy is added, it has a good therapeutic effect on various diseases of dogs and cats. Clinically, enema therapy can relieve symptoms, improve the condition, shorten the course of disease, and improve the effect of curative effect.

The application of enema therapy in the adjuvant treatment of dog and cat diseases mainly includes the following four aspects: consciousness enema clears stool and its harmful substances; second, enema anti-inflammatory, hemostasis, convergence, and diarrhea; third, enema rehydration; fourth, enema Enema for antipyretic. Practice has proved that in the process of many diseases in dogs and cats, timely enema therapy can relieve symptoms, improve the condition, shorten the course of the disease and improve the curative effect.

1.1 The effect of stool on the body of dogs and cats

The incidence of stool is much higher than that of diarrhea, and it also poses a threat to the life of dogs and cats. It believes that various pathogenic factors first make the autonomic nerve disorder, the sympathetic nerve excitability is enhanced, and the movement of the digestive system, secretion, digestion, absorption and excretion functions are inhibited. The exchange of substances between the digestive system and the circulatory system is weakened. Changes in the body's internal environment. Abnormal fermentation of intestinal contents produces toxic substances. The abnormal proliferation of microorganisms produces toxins, and the mechanical stimulation and toxin stimulation of the stool cause the occurrence of - congestion - edema - bleeding - melena in the intestine. Enterotoxin absorption into the blood aggravates autotoxicity. Decreased bile secretion or obstruction of bile excretion into the intestinal tract, increased reabsorption, and the use of drugs excreted through the biliary tract in treated animals may result in accumulated poisoning. To sum up, the collective impact of feces cannot be ignored. 24 hours without defecation is hysteresis, and 48 hours without defecation will become constipation, which should be cleared in time.

1.2 Removal of rectal stools

When there are abnormalities in the tail, rectum, perirectal, anus, perineum, prostate, etc. of dogs and cats, rectal stools are often caused Phenomenon. Conversely, rectal stool can also lead to the occurrence of the above-mentioned diseases. Clearing the rectal stool is beneficial to the treatment and recovery of the above diseases, and prevents the anterior gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by it. Clearing rectal stool is relatively simple, generally using water, normal saline or Kaisailu. Self-prepared quick defecation solution (16g sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 6g sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 10ml glycerol, and 100ml distilled water) can also be used, and an appropriate amount can be injected into the rectum to cause defecation. In dogs and cats with chronic renal failure, rapid defecation liquid should be appropriately disabled, as it may cause phosphorus absorption.

1.3 Removal of large intestine stool and its harmful substances

The reasons for the formation of large intestine stool are complex. In addition to the causes of rectal constipation, in the process of various febrile venereal diseases, liver disease, feline megacolon disease, cat trichotillomania, obstetric disease, paralysis, pelvic injury, etc. can all cause colonic constipation. The liquid used needs to be prepared by yourself. Recipe: sodium chloride 10g, sodium bicarbonate 10g, glycerin 100ml, distilled water plus 1000ml, set aside. The general dosage is 20-30ml/kg body weight, and it can be repeated once it does not work. However, when dogs and cats are accompanied by metabolic alkalosis, this prescription should be disabled. This prescription can be removed from sodium bicarbonate, and sodium chloride can be added to 20g, or prescription 2 can be used instead. Prescription 0.9% sodium chloride 20-30ml/kg body weight, lactulose 0.5ml/kg body weight, mix deep. Prescription 2 can be used for constipation caused by various reasons, especially for dogs and cats with liver and kidney dysfunction and chronic encephalopathy.

1.4 Obtaining more information on the digestive tract

The more important significance of clearing rectal stool is to understand the situation of the digestive tract. Posture, stool quantity, shape, composition, color, character, smell, etc., can analyze the time of stool, food composition, whether there is bleeding or melena, whether there is mucous membrane shedding, whether there is parasite, whether further testing is needed, It can also give the owner an intuitive impression and play a role in deeply understanding the disease.

2 enema treatments

2.1 Canine and Feline Viral Enteritis

Prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of viral enteritis in dogs and cats: Pulsatilla 15g, Coptidis 15g, Phellodendron 15g, Qinpi 15g, Sophora charcoal 15g, Bai charcoal 15g, Xueyu charcoal 15g. Different varieties have different dosages. Decoction, concentrated, deep retention enema. Once a day for three consecutive days.

2.2 Canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

Prescription: 0.1% potassium permanganate 20--30ml/kg body weight, heated to body temperature, deep Temporarily retain the enema, once a day for three consecutive days. Potassium permanganate has strong astringency, so it is necessary to grasp the timing when using it. It must be used after the intestinal toxins are completely discharged, otherwise it will cause the accumulation of intestinal toxins, absorption into the blood, and concentrated autopoisoning.

The large intestine has an active operation function of sodium. The absorption of Na+ forms a potential gradient that leads to the absorption of Cl-. The absorption of sodium chloride establishes an osmotic pressure gradient, which leads to water. absorb.

3.1 Method

Enema is used for severe dehydration, weak heart, microcirculation failure, cold limbs, hypothermia, endangered state, and The owner still insists on rescuing the dog and cat. While waiting for the laboratory data, intravenous rehydration and intestinal rehydration should be performed at the same time. The liquid should be heated to above normal body temperature, and the intravenous rehydration solution should be 1:1 solution (1 part of 0.9% sodium chloride, 1 part of 5% glucose). The liquid for intestinal rehydration should be heated to 40 degrees, and 0.45% sodium chloride should be used. The method is to remove the filter screen of the infusion tube, connect it to the rubber tube, apply lubricant to the wall of the tube and slowly insert it into the rectum until it reaches the deep part. Then fix the infusion tube with tape on the tail root to prevent the infusion tube from coming out, open the water stop valve to start the infusion, and the infusion speed is twice as fast as the intravenous infusion. The whole body is heated and kept warm. Use a monitor, place a urinary catheter, monitor the amount of urine at any time, and adjust the liquid composition in time after the test results.

3.2 Effects

3.2.1 The warmed liquid adds heat to the body, which is beneficial to restore the activity of cells and enzymes.

3.2.2 Stimulation of intramural nerves in the bowel can increase peristalsis.

3.2.3 Dilute enterotoxin to reduce toxicity

3.2.4 Improve liver and spleen function through absorption.

Enteric antipyretic for poisoning. In cases of high fever caused by convulsions after poisoning, in order to quickly cool down, cold water enema should be used while taking other cooling measures. The amount of cold water should be determined according to the cooling situation. Generally, it will stop when the body temperature drops to 39.5 degrees, including other cooling measures, to prevent the cooling from being too low. Therefore, the temperature should be measured at any time when physically cooling dogs and cats with high fever .

5.1 Case 1:

Time: August 8, 2014, Breed: Labrador, Age: 4 months, Weight: 10k, Vaccine status: No vaccine was given. Dog owner's description: I gave it to the puppy yesterday. After taking a shower, I didn't blow very dry. Today, I suddenly feel bad, a little vomiting, and accompanied by diarrhea, and blood streaks can be seen in the stool.

5.1.1

Clinical symptoms: Vomiting, unformed stools with blood in the stools, depression, sunken eye sockets.

5.1.2
Diagnostic method: do laboratory CPV test, the result is CPV It was detected as enteritis-type canine parvovirus, and according to clinical examination, it was preliminarily judged as canine parvovirus.

5.2 Case 2

Time: January 3, 2014, Breed: Satsuma Yeah dog, age: 3 months, weight: 8kg, vaccine status: only two injections of imported vaccines were made. Dog owner narrative

: I bought some chicken bones when I went home on January 2, 2014, and then fed it to Xiong Xiong (Samoyed) after returning home. After that, I had a cough, and began to have diarrhea at night, and With bloodshot.

5.2.1

Clinical symptoms: cough, diarrhea, and blood in the stool.

5.2.2

Diagnosis method: laboratory CPV examination was performed, and the result was normal CPV, which was preliminarily determined to be hemorrhagic enteritis caused by bone.

5.3 Case 3: Time: March 12, 2014, Breed: Chuanchuan, Age: 10 years old, Weight: 7kg, Vaccine status: All vaccines have been completed. The dog owner's description: Walking the dog at night, I found that the dog had a problem with pooping, and I couldn't pull it down even after squatting on the grass for a long time.

5.3.1

Clinical Symptoms: Constipation

5.3.2
Diagnosis method: Preliminary examination revealed severe inflammation around the anus, the main reason being that the anus was inflamed due to not squeezing the anal glands for a long time.

The treatment cycle is 5 days, while the treatment of canine parvovirus is combined with enema therapy. (Cases 2 and 3 were only treated with enema therapy) The method is as follows:

6.1 Preparation before treatment:

6.1.2. Preparation of warm soapy water Add soap to boiling water until milky white, adjust to 37~38℃ with tap water, and the concentration is about 0.1--0.2%.

6.1.3 Preparation of therapeutic drugs: Mix Yunnan Baiyao, Vidikang, Smecta, and non-irritating antibiotics, and reconcile them with warm normal saline to form an appropriate amount of uniform paste liquid at 37~38°C , inhaled into a syringe for use.

6.1.4 Restraining the dog: place the dog prone on the treatment table, and prop up the two legs at the back of the treatment table, so that the dog is in a low-front and high-back position. If the dog is more tame, let it stand upside down for enema.

6.2 Specific operation steps:

6.2.1 Remove intestinal contents (enema without leaving fluid) and cut off the dirty coat around the dog's anus , apply soap externally to the entire rubber catheter to keep it lubricated in the intestines, slowly insert the rounded end from the anus, and use a large syringe to inject the prepared warm soapy water solution from the other end of the rubber catheter while inserting it. A rubber catheter is inserted into the deep part of the intestinal tract, and an appropriate amount of warm soapy water is injected according to the size of the dog's body, generally 250-1000ml per time. After injection, take out the catheter for cleaning and disinfection, put down the affected dog, and let it drain the injected warm soapy water by itself. If the dog is unable to discharge on its own, the catheter can be reinserted into the anus, the catheter can be pumped back and forth, and the injected warm soapy water and intestinal contents can be exported. Then repeat 1 more time.

6.2.2 After the drug retention enema, after the dog is held upside down, slowly insert the sterilized rubber catheter into the anus. According to the size of the dog, try to insert the rubber catheter into the deep intestinal tract to ensure that the drug solution penetrates deep into the anus. Intestinal tube. Slowly inject the prepared drug into the catheter, and slowly draw the catheter out while injecting the drug. When 2/3 of the catheter is drawn out, the drug injection is complete, and then inject a small amount of warm physiological saline to clean the drug in the catheter. After the injection is complete, slowly withdraw the catheter. The affected dog is still kept in a low-front and high-back position for 5ndn, and the anus is blocked by pressing the root of the dog's tail, and the abdomen is gently rubbed to ensure that the drug is fully distributed into the intestine, and then the affected dog is put down.

After a week of treatment, it was found that the enema therapy has a very obvious effect in the treatment of canine parvovirus. In the 4-5 days of the dog's treatment, it was found that the dog had obvious appetite and good spirits. And the blood in the stool disappeared.

Dogs are most likely to cause canine parvovirus and canine distemper when they are 3 months to 9 months old. Due to many reasons, the owner cannot manage his pet dog perfectly, which leads to disease. Throughout the course of treatment, it was recognized that enema therapy as an adjunct to the treatment of small dogs had a significant effect. For different diseases, there is a great understanding in the treatment and nursing period, mainly in the following points: less activity during the illness, timely treatment, and proper care can reduce the treatment time. Even after you shower, blow dry and blow through. Even if it is cloudy and rainy, watch it. Pay attention to regular vaccinations.

9.1 Regularly vaccinate dogs and cats. For dogs and cats who are vaccinated for the first time, the vaccine cycle is 15 days, with a total of three injections.

9.2 Do a good job of environmental sanitation, keep the farm and workplace clean, pay attention to timely disinfection, control and eliminate pathogens in the external environment, which are important links in the prevention of infectious diseases.

9.3 Quarantine of dogs and cats, early detection of the source of infection. Various diagnostic methods are applied to inspect dogs and cats for epidemic diseases, so as to detect epidemic diseases at an early stage, and take corresponding measures in time to control and eliminate the source of infection.

9.4 Strengthen the resistance of dogs and cats

9.4.1 Strengthen feeding and management, implement scientific raising of dogs and cats, and enhance their disease resistance. Do a good job in maternal immunization, weaning immunization, booster immunization and other immunization procedures.

9.4.2 Adhere to the implementation of regular preventive injections and timely supplementary injections to enhance the body's immunity.

Enema When the therapy is used for adjuvant treatment of canine parvovirus disease, it is generally used once. If the

【Professional class】The application of enema therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical dise

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