I believe most people know that scorpions are poisonous or expensive medicinal materials with huge economic value, so there are also breeding plants. The reason why scorpions can be used as medicinal materials is because of scorpion venom It is a good medicine, what is scorpion venom, what kind of function does it have and how to extract it?

Fluorescent Scorpion

1. What is scorpion venom? What does it do?

Scorpion venom, also known as scorpion venom, is produced by scorpions toxin. The main effect of scorpion lies in scorpion venom, and the effect of scorpion venom is 18 times that of whole scorpion decoction. Studies have shown that scorpion venom is mainly composed of non-protein parts and protein parts. The main component of scorpion venom is a protein with pharmacological activity. The protein part mainly contains 50 to 70 kinds of amino acids, including 27 kinds of amino acids necessary for the human body. Scorpion venom has two major toxins, neurotoxins and cytotoxins, which contain a variety of insect neurotoxins and mammalian neurotoxins. It also contains cardiotoxin, lysotoxin, hyaluronidase and phospholipase. It has preventive and inhibitory effects on various diseases such as the nervous system, digestive system, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system, cancer, skin diseases, and various viruses that are extremely harmful to humans.

Generally, 3000 live scorpions can take 3 grams of wet poison, and processed into dry powder, it is 1 gram. After the scorpion has taken the poison, it can be taken again every 15 to 20 days (the feeding temperature must be above 28 ℃). Pregnant scorpions can still give birth to young scorpions after taking poison, but it will affect the survival rate of young scorpions. The best time to take poison is from the end of spring to the end of autumn of that year. The production of poison in scorpions decreases in October, and in late October, there is basically no detoxification. The tools needed to take poison are: electric pulse poisoning instrument, 10 ml small beaker, vacuum pump, desiccator, brown glass bottle, refrigerator, latex gloves, etc.

2. Methods of taking scorpion venom

May to October is the best season for scorpion activity, foraging, growth and development. The season when the scorpion contains the most venom and the best quality. The optimum temperature for poisoning is preferably above 25°C. The scorpion that takes the poison should be the scorpion that is 6 to 7 years old after reaching sexual maturity. At this time, the scorpion has a large amount of detoxification, and the growth and reproduction of the scorpion will not be affected after taking the poison. Before taking the poison, brush the scorpion from the breeding tank into a large plastic basin, place a damp and clean towel on the bottom of the basin, and spray a small amount of physiological saline to fix the dust on the surface of the scorpion so that it does not fly.

The operation steps of the electric pulse poison taking instrument: turn on the switch of the poison taking instrument, adjust the voltage to 8~12 volts, adjust the frequency to 128 Hz, and insert the lead of the electrode soft pen into the lead of the harvesting rack. Connect the power supply to the corresponding jack; infiltrate the tip of the soft electrode pen on the collection rack with normal saline, hold the last two segments of the tail of the scorpion with the left hand, and use the electrode to continuously contact the front claws of the scorpion to stimulate the scorpion to discharge venom, collect the scorpion. Put ice cubes at the bottom of the beaker and change it every 2 hours to ensure the active enzyme quality of scorpion venom); put the scorpion that has discharged venom into a plastic basin; put the scorpion full of scorpion venom Dry in a vacuum dryer.

3. Drying method of scorpion venom

The commonly used drying method is vacuum drying. Under low pressure conditions, the water in the venom can evaporate quickly. The vacuum drying device includes a vacuum dryer, a condenser tube and a vacuum pump. The top piston of the dryer is connected to the condenser tube, and the other end of the condenser tube is connected to the suction filter bottle, the dryer and the vacuum pump in sequence. Desiccant and venom samples are placed in the desiccator. Before use, apply a little Vaseline around the piston of the dryer and check the entire unit for air leaks. When using, first put the venom and desiccant into the plate, then put the plate in the desiccator, start the vacuum pump, pump air until the lid can't be pushed, then close the piston first, and then close the vacuum pump. After the scorpion venom is dried, the piston should be slowly unscrewed to prevent the air from dispersing the scorpion venom dry powder. The dry powder should also be taken out under purified conditions, and immediately put into a brown glass bottle and sealed for storage.

4. The extraction process of scorpion venom

The fresh venom was taken out by electrical stimulation, and the container containing the scorpion venom was placed in ice cubes and kept at 0℃~ 4 ℃, 2500~4000 r/min high-speed centrifugation for 30 minutes, separate soil, calcium and other impurities to obtain pure scorpion venom, quick-cooling and vacuum drying to obtain white crystal powder, which is divided into packaging bottles of different specifications. The finished product is in Store in a dry, cool and dark place. The whole process can be summarized as follows: 2 hours of poison collection, 20 to 30 minutes of purification at 0°C to 4°C, 5 minutes or 2 hours of quick freezing at 20°C to 25°C, 4 to 6 hours of drying at -19°C to -14°C, and -5 ℃ ~ 20 ℃ scorpion venom freeze and vacuum dry into dry powder.

Raising scorpions is not as profitable as many people think. In fact, scorpions are indeed tenacious, but they grow slowly, so the initial investment will also be huge, so raising scorpions and taking scorpion venom, before raising To investigate the market.