The white-headed bulbul (sound: bēi) (scientific name: Pycnonotus sinensis) is a small bird of the family passerine bulbul, with black forehead to the top of the head and white above the eyes to the back pillow , forming a white pillow ring, with a yellow-green vertical stripe on the abdomen. Sexually active, they live in flocks on fruit trees. Sometimes they fly from their perch to hunt for food. Bulbul is a common bird in the vast area south of the Yangtze River. It is mostly active in the trees and shrubs of hills or plains, and is also found in coniferous forests. Lively and not afraid of people. Omnivorous, eating both animal and plant foods. Bulbul eats a lot of agricultural and forestry pests, and is one of the beneficial birds in agriculture and forestry, which is worthy of protection.

Chinese name: White-headed Bulbul

Latin name: Pycnonotus sinensis

Another name: Pulsatilla, Pulsatilla

Kingdom: Animal Kingdom

phylum: Chordate

Class: Birds

Order: Passerine

Family: Bulbulidae

Genus: Bulbul

Subspecies: 4 species

Named by and when: Gmelin, 1789

English name: Chinese Bulbul

Pulsatilla, sparrows, and green eyes are collectively known as the three treasures of the city. They often appear in groups in the plains, in the bushes, hills and forests, as well as in campuses, parks, courtyards, and sidewalks. Various tall wires and trees.

The white-headed bulbul is about 17 to 22 centimeters long. It is pure black and shiny from the forehead to the top of the head, and the top of the eyes to the back of the pillow is white, forming a white pillow ring. There is a white spot on the back of the ear feathers. This white ring and the white spot are very conspicuous on the black head. The pillow feather (back head) of the old bird is whiter, so it is also called the white-headed Weng. Most of the back and waist feathers are gray-green, the wings and tail are slightly yellow-green, the chin, the throat are white, the chest is gray-brown, forming an inconspicuous broad pectoral girdle, the abdomen is white or gray-white, mixed with yellow-green stripes, and the upper part is brown. Gray or olive gray, with yellow-green feather margins, making the upper body form inconspicuous dark longitudinal stripes. Tail and wings dark brown with yellow-green feathers. The iris is brown, the mouth is black, and the feet are also black. Juveniles have grayish brown head, olive back, light grayish brown chest, and grayish white belly and undertail feathers. It lives in mountainous areas, broad-leaved forests, parks, and woods. It feeds mainly on berries and seeds of fruit trees, and often flies into orchards to steal fruit and occasionally peck at insects. In the late spring and early summer, they start to nest and breed. After entering the breeding season, the white-headed bulbul will gather in the woods and make a loud noise, which often attracts people's attention. This clustering phenomenon disappears in late summer, autumn and winter.

The white-headed bulbul eats a lot of agricultural and forestry pests, and is one of the beneficial birds in agriculture and forestry, which is worthy of protection.

Size measurement: body weight ♂26-43g, ♀26-419; body length ♂166-220mm, ♀160-201mm; mouth peak ♂13-16mm, ♀13- 15mm; wings ♂82-94mm, ♀79-92mm; tail ♂77-90mm, ♀74-88mm; tars ♂20-24mm, ♀19-22mm.

The white-headed bulbul likes to build its nest on acacia or banyan tree. In the city, it is common to build a bowl-shaped nest with withered grass or Miscanthus spikes among the balcony flowers and trees, bushes and potted plants. Spring from March to May is the breeding season of the Pulsatilla. During this period, if you see a Pulsatilla standing alone on a protruding branch or on the top of a tree and chirping loudly, another Pulsatilla will fly over and two When the birds sing together, they are probably singing love songs to each other. During the breeding season, each pair of Pulsatilla will establish their territory, and its area is small. The nest is usually built in the weeds or bushes not high from the ground. 3 to 4 eggs, feeding almost exclusively on insects during the breeding season. It takes about two weeks for the chicks to hatch before they break out of their shells, and about two weeks after feeding, they are ready to emerge from the nest.

Diet: Omnivorous, eating both animal and plant foods. Animal food mainly includes golden tortoise shell, walking beetle, golden flower shell, turbinate, noctuid moth, ladybug, locust, Snakes, bees, flies, mosquitoes, ants, long-horned fireflies, cicadas and other insects and larvae of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera also eat Spider, tick and other invertebrates. Plant raw foods mainly include wild hawthorn, wild rose, coldberry, weed, mulberry, heather, privet, neem, cherry, neem, grape, tallow, cabbage, indigo, jujube, camphor, catalpa and other plant fruits and seeds. [2]

Habits: Usually in small groups of 3-5 to more than 10 animals, sometimes in large groups of more than 20-30 animals in winter. Mostly active on shrubs and small trees, lively, not afraid of people, often jumping between branches, or flying between adjacent trees, generally do not fly long distances. Good chirping, melodious and changeable chirping.

Migration: Mainly resident birds, generally do not migrate.

The white-headed bulbul eats a lot of agricultural and forestry pests and is one of the beneficial birds in agriculture and forestry. Bulbul is an omnivorous bird, feeding on both plant and animal substances, and the diet also varies with the season. Animal food is the main food in spring and summer, and plant food is the main food in autumn and winter. Coleopteran insects are the most common animal food, such as turbinate, walking, and scoliosis. Plant foods are mostly dicotyledonous plants, but also eat some berries and weed seeds, such as cherries, tallow, grapes, etc. White-headed Bulbul is often in small groups of 3-5 to more than 10, and sometimes in large groups of more than 20-30 in winter. Mostly active on shrubs and small trees, lively, not afraid of people, often jumping between branches, or flying between adjacent trees, generally do not fly long distances. Good chirping, melodious and changeable chirping, accompanied by vibrato.

1. Feeding method: For feeding white-headed bulbul, a powder can be used as a standing feed, such as cornmeal, peanut flour, cooked egg yolk Mix and feed at a ratio of 5:2:3, or feed some chin powder (mung bean flour, corn flour, cooked egg yolk, fresh waterFish powder or silkworm chrysalis powder according to 5:2:2:1); often add some fruits and insect larvae and pupae.

Second, management and training: In captivity, Bulbul is a soft-eating bird, and the water in the water tank is easily polluted. It needs to be cleaned and replaced every day. Drink fresh water. If the fed fruit cannot be eaten on the day, the rest should be taken out. Provide bath water every day (summer) or every other day (spring and early autumn), and let them bathe by themselves. Wash the cage once a week. The white-headed bulbul is not cold-resistant, so it must be moved indoors to raise in winter in the north, and stop going out to roam the birds. Bulbulidae birds such as red-eared bulbul, white-throated red-rumped bulbul, and yellow-rumped bulbul can all be reared by referring to the above method.

Third, feeding requirements: The white-headed bulbul is suitable for eating some soft and tender food. The water tank it uses is easily contaminated. It cleans the water tank and ensures that it always drinks clean water. Be sure to change the water you haven't finished drinking that day. The water canal for bathing should be provided in summer, and it is also needed in spring and autumn, and it will groom itself. Bird cages should be kept clean at all times and thoroughly cleaned once a week. White-headed Bulbul is afraid of cold. When raising this kind of bird in the north, be sure to pay attention to the temperature of their living environment. In winter, it should be moved indoors, and the weather is too cold to go out for walking.