1. History of Brocarded carp 

According to literature records, Japanese nobles first stocked koi in ponds for viewing, which was rarely seen by commoners. Called "scarlet carp", "color carp", "flower carp", after the Second World War, it was renamed "koi carp". In 1973, as a friendly messenger of the people of China and Japan, Japanese koi settled in my country. Koi originated in China, flourished in Japan, and then returned to China. It can be said that it has experienced the process of "export to domestic sales".

The ancient Chinese court has had records of large-scale farming of koi since at least the Tang Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1,000 years, and the Hejin crucian carp has a history of more than 1,400 years. The development of koi is similar to that of goldfish in my country. In the early days, koi were only belonged to families such as royal palace aristocrats and dignitaries, or in temples and shrines, and were rarely seen by ordinary civilians, so they were called "sacred fish" for their Covered with all kinds of mysterious colors. Later, koi spread among the people, and people regard it as a symbol of good luck and happiness. Japanese koi have been further improved on the basis of the appearance of red carp light yellow, Betsumitsu and other varieties. In the Meiji period, the yellow-spotted koi was cultivated, the Taisho three colors appeared in the Taisho period, and the Showa three colors appeared in the Showa period. At the same time, they crossed German leather carp with koi, and cultivated koi of leather carp strains such as German Gold, German Red and White, and Qiucui. In recent years, the golden and silver scale strains with silver light have been continuously cultivated, which makes the koi have higher ornamental value.

The first time Japanese koi was imported into China was in 1938 (the thirteenth year of the Showa era), when Matsuoka in Tokyo, Japan sent a batch of precious koi to the then puppet emperor of Manchukuo. The first export of Japanese koi to overseas. In the same year, at the World Exposition in San Francisco, Japan, Japan specially selected 100 koi to display at the exhibition, thus showing the beauty of Japanese koi to the world for the first time. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in 1973, Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka presented a batch of koi as a mascot to Premier Zhou Enlai. These koi were handed over to the Beijing Huamu Company for breeding. The age of Japanese cultured koi is about 100 to 200 years old.

Second, the origin of Brocarded carp 

Koi, which originated in Central Asia and later spread to China, were screened by ancient Chinese court technicians according to the methods of cultivating and brocade crucian carp. The mutant varieties that came out in line with the public aesthetics were introduced into Japan in modern times and carried forward in Japan. Many fine varieties are bred in Japan, and therefore many koi are named after Japanese names. It is the national fish of Japan and is known as "the living gem in the water" and "the king".

Origin: Twenty villages and villages such as Yamakushi Village and Uonuma Village near Naka Ward, Niigata Prefecture, Japan

Scientific name: Cryprinus carpiod

English name: Brocarded carp

III. Habits of Brocarded carp 

Koi are gentle in nature, like to swim in groups, easy to swim, and have low water quality requirements, strong adaptability to water temperature, and easy reproduction, so they are popular among people. Welcome. The suitable water temperature of koi is 5~30℃, and the optimum temperature is 21~27℃. Omnivorous. Mainly to mollusks, aquatic plants, benthic animals and fine algae.

In addition to the water temperature and the abundance of bait, which can affect the growth rate of koi, there are also great differences in the growth of male and female fish.

The koi are large, up to 1 meter in length and over 10 kilograms in weight. Sexual maturity is 2 to 3 years old. Long lifespan, with an average of about 70 years (it is said that there are 200-year-old koi). in April and May of each year. A koi with a body length of 125 centimeters in red pine leaves appeared at an oral review meeting in Japan, and even more so, there was a record of a super giant carp with a body length of 150 centimeters and a weight of 45 kilograms. The lifespan of koi is very long, usually up to 70 years. According to records, there is a red carp named "Hanako" in Japan. It was born in 1751 and died in 1977 and lived for 226 years. The fish body is 77 cm long and weighs 77 cm. With a weight of 9 kg, it can be called the "old birthday star" in the koi group. The age of koi is the same as that of most fish. The number of annual rings on the scales is determined, which means the age of the koi.

four ,Brocarded carp 

The original species of koi is red carp. It was first introduced to Japan from China. After artificial improvement, it became the red carp, also known as the color carp and the flower carp. After World War II, it was renamed the koi carp.

The division of koi species is mainly divided into several strains according to their color. The sources of its carp species are divided into red carp, leather carp and mirror carp. Koi carp is divided into nine major strains, about a hundred varieties. According to the distribution of colors, markings and scales, it is mainly divided into the following 13 species types:

1. Red and white koi: the authentic koi, the whole is pure white with erythema, no other colors, and the bottom should be snow The sample is pure white, with thick and uniform erythema with clear borders. This type is divided into more than 20 varieties.

2. Taisho tricolor koi: There are red and black markings on the white ground, the head has red spots without black markings, and there are black stripes on the pectoral fins. This strain can be divided into more than 10 varieties.

3. Showa three-color koi: There are red and white patterns on the black background, and there are black spots at the base of the pectoral fins. There must be large black spots on the head. This line is divided into more than 10 varieties.

The Taisho tri-color and the Showa tri-color are composed of red, white and black. The difference is:

The Taisho three colors have red and black spots on a white background; the Showa three colors are red and white spots on a black background.

The Taisho tri-color has no dark spots on the head, while the Showa tri-color has dark spots.

The Taisho three-color black spot is in the shape of a circular block and exists on the upper part of the body; the Showa three-color black spot is linear or band-like and exists on the whole body.

The pectoral fins of the Taisho tricolor are all white or have black stripes; the base of the Showa tricolor pectoral fins has a round black patch.

4. Black carp: All black or with white spots or full yellow spots on a black background. There are 4 to 5 varieties.

5. Bieguang: Koi with black spots on white, red or yellow backgrounds, belonging to the Taisho tricolor strain. Subdivided into nearly ten varieties.

6. Light yellow: the back is light blue or dark blue, the outer edge of the scales is white, and the cheeks, abdomen and base of each fin are red. There are more than 10 varieties according to color.

7. Clothing: It is a variety produced by the mating of red and white or three colors and light yellow. Subdivided into nearly 10 varieties.

8. Mutant carp: including black carp, yellow carp, tea carp, green carp and more than 20 varieties.

9. Gold: The whole body is golden in color and can be divided into more than 20 varieties.

10. Patterned skin light carp: a variety produced by the mating of golden koi with other strains (excluding black carp). There are more than 10 varieties in common.

11. Light writing: The species produced by the mating of writing class koi and golden koi.

12. Gold and Silver Scales: Koi fish with golden or silver scales all over their bodies.

13. Danding: There are round erythema on the top of the head, while the fish has no erythema. (Image credit: Slider Ideas)