The method of distinguishing male and female tortoises is as follows:

1 The plastron of male concave tortoises is concave in the center, and the tail is long and stout. The central plastron of the female concave tortoise is flat, without depression, and the tail is short.

2. Male concave tortoises are narrower and longer, while female concave tortoises are rounder.

3. Male tortoises have thick and long tails, while females are fat and short.

4. The cloaca of male tortoises is farther from the anal shield, while the females are closer.