History

It is the only dog breed in Germany named after its earliest breeder, Mr. Dobermann (January 2, 1834 to June 9, 1894).

Mr. Doberman is said to have worked as a tax collector, a horse slaughterer, and a temporary stray dog caretaker. As a stray dog caretaker, he is legally empowered to take care of all stray dogs. With this convenience, his dog has become very intelligent. At that time, the so-called "butcher's dog" was recognized as a very pure breed and played a crucial role in the origin of the Doberman pinscher. This dog is an early version of the German Rottweiler breed, which was crossed with the shepherd dog that now exists in "Thuringia", becoming a black dog with rusty red spots. Mr. Doberman developed the Doberman Pinscher in the 18th century using these breeds. Thus, he got his own unique "breed": this dog is not only alert, but also quite protective, making a good working dog and watch dog. This dog is often used as a guard and police dog. Due to its widespread use in policing, the dog has earned the nickname "Gendarmerie Dog". This dog is also often used in hunting to deal with large vermin. In this environment, as circumstances evolved, the Doberman Pinscher officially earned the title of police dog in the early 19th century.

Doberman pinscher, usually of medium build, strong and muscular. In addition to good bone quality, this dog should have a sense of elegance and nobility, which is clearly visible in the lines of its body. This dog should be particularly suitable as a companion dog, guard dog, working dog, and watchdog.

Origin

Germany

English Name: DOBERMANN

Function: Companion Dog, Guardian Dog, Working Dog

Lifespan : 10-14 years

Character

This dog is a strong and powerful breed, mainly serving as a guard, and can be trained as a search dog, hunting dog and sheepdog. The character is bold, sensitive, resolute and decisive, and easy to bite. A natural guard dog, intelligent, strong and capable of attack. Breeders are strictly managed and can be loyal, affectionate companions. With a smooth, streamlined physique, the Doberman Pinscher possesses incredible weight and strength, and in order to curb its potential aggression, breeders should use mental training to give it full exercise and a constant radiance.

General Appearance: Medium build, strong, with well-muscled bones. The body is curvaceous, with a confident demeanor and a firm expression, in line with the ideal dog breed.

Important Proportions: The Doberman's body appears to be nearly square, especially for male dogs. The body length from shoulder to hip squat should not be more than 5% greater than the height from shoulder to ground for male dogs, and not more than 10% for female dogs.

Behavior/Temperament: The Doberman Pinscher is friendly and calm; very loyal to his family and loves children. The ideal Doberman is mild-tempered and generally alert. In the case of a harmonious relationship with the breeder, it is generally not easy to get angry. This kind of dog is easy to train, and the Doberman likes to work and has good working ability, courage and perseverance. Confident and fearless, this dog also adapts well and pays attention to his surroundings.

Head: Strong and in proper proportion to the body. Viewed from above, the head has a blunt wedge shape. Viewed from the front, the midline should be almost flush, not hanging down toward the ear. The muzzle line extends almost straight to the topline of the skull, which droops and rounds gently into the neckline. The brow ridge is well developed but not prominent. Forehead wrinkles are still clearly visible. The occipital bone cannot protrude. Viewed from the front and above, the sides of the head must not protrude. The slight bulge between the back of the upper jawbone and the cheekbones should correspond to the overall length of the head. The head muscles are well developed.

Stop: Elongated, but clearly visible, well developed.

Nostrils: The nostrils are well-developed, wider than round, with larger openings, without the entire protuberance. Black dogs are black; in the case of brown dogs, the corresponding lighter color.

Muzzle: The muzzle must be in proper proportion to the upper part of the head, and the muzzle must be well muscled and powerful. The muzzle should have depth. The mouth is open, reaching the molars. Moderate muzzle width is also reflected in the upper and lower incisor areas.

Drooping upper lip: The upper lip should be close to the jaw so that the mouth can be closed tightly. The color of the gums should be dark; in the case of a brown dog, the color should be relatively light.

Lower Jaw/Teeth: Strong and powerful, with broad upper and lower jaws, scissors bite, 42 teeth well positioned and of good size.

Eyes: Medium in size, oval, dark. For brown dogs, the color can be slightly lighter. The eyelids are close together. There should be hair growing on the eyelids. The absence of hair around the eye rims is highly undesirable.

Ears: Ears set high, erect, trimmed in length to the head. For countries that do not allow dog ear trimming, untrimmed ears are also acceptable. (Preferably medium in size, with the front edge of the ear close to the cheek).

Neck: The neck is of good length and in good proportion to the body and head. Stay dry and muscular. The contour of the neck gradually rises and is gently drawn into a curve. The neck is erect, showing a strong nobility.

Shoulders: Especially in male dogs, height and length are significant and, therefore, determine the slope of the topline extending from the rump to the shoulders.

Back: Short and tight, of good width, well muscled.

Loin: Good width and well muscled. The waist of the bitch is slightly longer, because it is required for feeding puppies.

Hip: Slightly lowered, hard to see from sacrum to base of tail, appearing to be rounded, neither too erect nor markedly sloping, of good width and well muscled.

Chest: Length and depth must be proportional to body length. The chest depth with slightly arched ribs should be about 50% of the dog's height at the withers. The chest is of good width, especially with a well-developed forechest.

Inferior thoracic line and abdomen: From the end of the sternum to the pelvis, the lower thoracic line is distinctly rolled up.

Tail: The tail is elevated, and after docking, about two vertebrae are still visible on the tail. In countries where tail docking is not legally permitted, the tail can remain natural.

Forequarters:

General Profile: From all angles, the forelegs are nearly erect, perpendicular to the ground and well muscled.

Shoulders: The shoulder blades are close to the chest. The two ends of the shoulder blades are muscular and reach the top of the thoracic vertebrae. The shoulder blades have a certain slope and are properly connected to the back. The angle to the horizontal is about 50%.

Upper Arm: Moderately long and muscular, with an angle of scapula approximately 105° to 110°.

Elbows: Close to the body without turning out.

Lower Arms: Strong and erect. Well muscled, moderately long in proportion to the entire body.

Carpus (wrist joint): Strong.

Metacarpus (foot): Strong muscles. When viewed from the front, it is upright, and when viewed from the side, there is only a slight slope, about 10°.

Forefoot: The feet are short and tight. The toes are arched (like claws) toward the toes. The toenails are short and black.

Hindquarters:

General Profile: The Doberman's back appears broad and round when viewed from the back, due to the well-developed pelvic muscles of the Doberman's rump. The muscles that extend toward the pelvis toward the upper and lower thighs allow the Doberman's back, upper thigh area, joints, and lower thigh width to develop well. The strong hind legs are straight and parallel when standing.

Upper thigh: Good length and width, well muscled. The angle to the hip joint is good. The angle to the horizontal is about 80° to 85°.

Knee: The knee joint is strong, formed by the upper and lower thighs and the knee. The knee angle is approximately 130°.

Lower thighs: Medium in length, in proportion to the overall length of the hindquarters.

Hocks: Medium strength, hocks parallel. The lower thigh bone is attached to the metatarsal at the hock joint (at an angle of approximately 140°).

Metacarpus (hind foot): Short, perpendicular to the ground.

Hind Legs: Like the front legs, the toes of the hind legs are short, arched and very tight. The toenails are short and black.

Gait/Movement: Gait is very important for work ability and external performance. The gait of this dog is springy, graceful, agile, free and able to land fully on the ground. The front legs can be extended as far as possible. The hindquarters are also fully extended and have the necessary elastic drive. The front leg on one side and the rear leg on the other side can move forward at the same time. Has good back stability, ligaments and joints.

Skin: The skin is close to the body and of the right color.

Hair: The coat is short, stiff and thick. Tight, smooth and evenly distributed throughout the body. There must be no fluff.

Color: Black or brown with a distinct rust red and clean spots. There are markings on the muzzle, spots on the cheeks, brow tips and throat, and two spots on the forechest, metacarpals, metatarsals and feet, inner thighs, arms, and under the tail.

Size and Weight:

Height at Shoulder: Male: 68-72 cm. Bitches: 63-68 cm. Best medium size.

Weight: Male: 40-45 kg. Bitches: about 32-35 kg.

Defects: Any deviation from the above points is considered a defect, the degree of which is strictly proportional to its grade.

General Appearance: Deviating from gender characteristics; low bone mass; underweight; overweight; legs too long; insufficient bone mass.

Head: Too heavy, too narrow, too short, too long, too many or too few stops; high bridge of the nose, improperly sloped dorsal line of the skull; weak jaw; round or squinted eyes; eyes Light color; cheeks too thick; upper lip too loose; eyes too open or too deep; ears too high or too low; mouth too open.

Neck: Slightly short; too short; throat skin too loose; droopy; too long (incongruous); sheep neck.

Body: Black, not tight; hips sloping; walking wobbly; back arched; rib stunted, or bulging; chest not deep or wide enough; back too long; forechest too small; tail too large Warped or too low; too many or too few pleats on the body.

Limbs: Too little or too much angle in front or rear; elbows too loose; bones and joints deviate from standard position and length; feet too tight or stretched; bull-like hocks, Hocks extended, hocks close together; claws too open or loose; fingers crooked; grey toenails.

Coat: markings too light or too indistinct; markings indistinct; spots too dark; large black spots on legs; chest spots difficult to see or too large; hair too long, Soft, curly or matte. Coat too thin; exposed patches; larger shatters in hair, especially on body; undercoat.

Characteristics: Not confident enough; too bad-tempered; too sensitive; easily or easily angered.

Size: The size deviates by two centimeters from the standard, and the quality level should be lowered.

Gait: Unsteady; constrained or rigid gait; horse gait.

Disqualifications:

Characteristics: Timid, neurotic, and aggressive.

Normal Traits: Significant departure from gender traits.

Eyes: Yellow eye (bird's eye); exotropia.

Dentures: Protruding upwards; horizontal bite; protruding downwards; edentulous.

Coat: White spots; too long, with wavy hair; prominent thin coat or large bald patches.

Size: More than two centimeters above and below the standard;

Any dog with obvious physical or behavioral abnormalities will be disqualified.

Note: Male dogs should be born with two apparently normal testicles completely placed in the scrotum - German Pinscher, Doberman