Annan turtle is a kind of turtle that is very similar to the yellow-throated terrapin, but it is not widely distributed. higher requirements. The Annan turtle is a first-class protected animal in Vietnam, equivalent to the panda in China, so it is not common in the market and is expensive.

The Annan turtle is more similar to the yellow-throated terrapin. The biggest difference between the two is: the carapace of Annan tortoise is dark brown, with two light yellow vertical stripes on the head side, extending to the neck; the carapace of the yellow-throated terrapin is brown, with only one light yellow vertical stripe on the side of the head. extends to the neck. Annan tortoises were abundant in the 1930s, but they have not been found since 1941. They are sometimes found sold for food, though, and are estimated to have remained extinct from the wild.

Chinese name: Annan turtle

Alias: Vietnamese turtle

Latin name: Mauremys annamensis

Biological classification: Chordates, Reptiles, Turtles, Turtles, Pseudomonas, Annan tortoises

Distribution: Mainly distributed in central Vietnam

Habitat: Aquatic

Living habits: Annan turtles have the habit of going ashore to dry their shells. The suitable water temperature is above 22 ℃, and the water temperature is about 10 ℃ to enter hibernation. Annan turtles are more active and not afraid of people. After being raised in captivity for a period of time, it can actively approach people and crawl with the movement of the owner's fingers.

Diet: omnivorous, under artificial feeding conditions, likes to eat small Fish, shrimp, lean pork, poultry offal and mealworms, and occasionally a small amount of bananas.

Adult size: The length of the adult Annan tortoise is usually 13~20cm

Breeding characteristics: There are few reports on the wild reproductive habits of Annan tortoises. Under artificial feeding conditions, Annan tortoises lay eggs in May and August. A female turtle weighing 10.6 kg and 0.96 kg lays 1 to 3 eggs. The egg is oval in shape, weighs 10.8 grams, and has a long diameter of 34.6 mm and a short diameter of 21.7 mm.

Feeding difficulty: difficult

Whether to hibernate: hibernate

Price: Expensive, usually 4 or 5 taels of turtles can reach 5000~8000 yuan.

Annan tortoises are rare in the wild, but they are sold in China and Hong Kong, and illegally imported into the United States. A small number of Annan tortoises are currently raised in Kufeng National Park on Hainan Island and northern Vietnam. But illegal hunting continues, and wild Annan tortoises are on the brink of extinction.

The Annan turtle has a dark head with three or four yellow spots. The breastplate is yellow or orange, with black spots on each turtle plate, and the limbs are gray-brown with webs between the fingers and toes. Generally, male turtles are larger than female turtles and have longer carapaces. The center of the carapace of the female turtle is wider, the plastron is flat, the tail is short, and the cloacal hole is closer to the rear edge of the carapace; the center of the carapace of the male turtle is narrower, the center of the plastron is slightly concave, the tail is long, and the cloacal hole is closer to the rear of the carapace. The edge is farther away.

The Annan tortoise is very similar in appearance to the yellow-throated terrapin, but they are different: the top of the Annan glans is dark olive, and the front edge has light stripes. Extending to the back of the eyes, there are yellow longitudinal stripes on the side, orange-red or dark yellow longitudinal stripes on the neck, and dark brown carapace.

Annan tortoises are interbred with other ground turtles. They are mixed with Malayan box turtles under rearing. In addition, the new jawless turtle is a hybrid of male and female Annan tortoises. Therefore, the Annan turtles are kept as far as possible from other related species.

Annan tortoises are aquatic species and can be used in tanks with a depth of 50 cm or 30 cm, and the water level is controlled at 1/3 of the depth of the container. The water level can also be placed at 1/2 of the depth of the container. If the water level is too deep, turtles can easily climb and escape. Duckweed and aquatic plants can be placed in the water, which can not only purify the water, but also have an ornamental effect.

1. Environmental requirements for juvenile turtles

The water in the juvenile turtle pond should not be too deep, generally 30-40 cm. During the feeding process, the water was changed regularly depending on the water quality, and the pool and juvenile turtles were disinfected with potassium permanganate or bleaching powder solution to prevent the occurrence of diseases. If the water area of the juvenile turtle pond is large, you can fish and turtles mixed culture , 30~40 juvenile turtles are placed per square meter, and some of the silver carp, bighead carp, carp, crucian carp, and tilapia can be matched appropriately Variety. In the Guangzhou area, with the gradual decrease of air temperature and water temperature, it will enter the winter management stage of juvenile turtles in December.

Second, environment requirements for adult turtles

The quality of water quality directly affects the health of adult turtles. The water should be changed every three days in spring and autumn, and the water should be changed gradually for newly purchased turtles. It is to change half of the water for the first time. After a period of time, change all the water, so that the turtle has an adaptation process to prevent the turtle from having an allergic reaction to the tap water. In summer, the water should be changed every day and disinfected once a week. Generally do not change the water in winter. In winter, when the temperature is lower than about 10 ℃, the turtle enters the complete hibernation period, and there are crawling and feeding phenomena at 15 ℃. When the turtle is hibernating, the water in the tank is replaced with damp fine sand, so that the turtle can hibernate naturally in the sand.

Annan tortoises have a mixed diet and prefer pork under captivity. Fish meat, shrimp, mealworms and other bait, and occasionally eat a small amount of bananas. In spring and summer, feed twice a week, about 25 grams each. In autumn, the amount of feeding and the number of feedings can be relatively increased. need.

Newly hatched hatchlings weigh between 6.4 and 13 grams, with an average of 9.75 grams. After the yolk of the juvenile tortoise is completely absorbed, it can be transferred to a large plastic basin for temporary cultivation. When entering the pot, the juvenile tortoise is immersed in 1 mg/L potassium permanganate solution for disinfection. 0.2 square meters of plastic pots can be stocked with 45 juvenile turtles. The water level in the basin should just submerge the turtle's back. Change the water once a day. Begin to feed with cooked chicken (duck) egg yolk or minced pork liver for 1 week, and switch to minced fish or eel after 1 week. The amount of feeding is based on the leftovers of the juvenile turtles. Feeding should be done in the morning and evening.

Juvenile turtles can be transferred to juvenile feeding shortly after they switch to fish. Juvenile ponds are cement ponds or ponds. Before entering the pond, juvenile turtles are immersed in 1 mg/elevated potassium manganate solution or 5% salt water for about 10 minutes. The stocking density is 80~100/m2. Animal feeds such as fish, shrimps, snails, and offal of livestock and poultry are mainly fed, supplemented by plant-based fruits, vegetables and grains, and compound feeds with a protein content of about 40% can also be fed. The daily feeding amount is generally 4% to 6% of the body weight of the juvenile turtle, and if it is compound feed, it is 2% to 3% of the turtle body weight, whichever is leftover. 2 feedings in the morning and evening. The bait is placed on the land, and the remaining bait should be removed in time. Feeding should be timed, quantitative, qualitative and fixed.